الكتابات الشعرية على الفنون التطبيقية في العصرين الأيوبي و المملوكي (567: 923 ه-1171: 1517 م)‎

الملخص EN

The research discusses two tombs and their history from the city of Toledo Andalusia in the era of kings of sects in terms of artistic archaeology, and the research first includes the general objectives for the characters included in each of the two tombstones, features of the calligraphy, the content of the writings for two tombstones, the study of religious texts, prayers and the titles in these two tombstones, then simple introduction that includes the geographical location and the political and cultural aspects of the city of Toledo.

Then the research described the two tombstones, the writing of texts, case and shape of the letters and the two tombstones in a cylindrical shape (vertical).

Then the research discusses the raw material made of the marble and used for manufacture of Andalusian tombstones in Toledo.

Then it discusses the method of execution of prominent drill engravings, plant and engineering decoration, the Kufic calligraphy and the general features of Kufic calligraphy in Andalusia, study content of the two tombstones for the Basmala, Quranic verses, the Shahada statements, prayers, and determine the place of burial, jobs, titles, names and date of death, and finally result of the research.