العنزة في المغرب الأقصي بين التأصيل و الدلالة والوظيفة منذ فجر الاسلام حتي بداية القرن الثامن الهجري الرابع عشر الميلادي

الملخص EN

The Anaza in morocco between rooting, significance and function from the dawn of Islam until the beginning of the
eighth century AH / fourteenth century AD
The research deals with the anaza in terms of rooting, significance and function since the Prophet, peace be upon him, used it till his companions and princes took after him in its use.

The research also shows the functional role of the anaza in determining the direction of the qiblah and that it is the origin of the flat and mobile mihrThe researcher begins by defining the anaza in how it was similar to the crutch.

It was longer than the stick and shorter than the spear and it had a stick at the bottom of it.

The Prophet, peace be upon him, had a anaza that was mentioned among the five spears that he had.

The anaza is said to walk with it between his hands on holidays, for focus in front of him, and it sometimes accompanied him in walking.

The anaza was carried in the hands of the Prophet, peace be upon him, to determine the direction of the qiblah on the earthly space, and Bilal bin Rabah carried the anaza of the Prophet, peace be upon him, on the day of Eid and rain.

This matter remained in the era of the caliphs Abu Bakr, Omar and Othman, may God be pleased with him.

For them, the anaza became an important symbol indicating the right to the caliphate, especially in the competition for the succession, which reached its most powerful form between Abd al-Malik bin Marwan and Abdullah bin Al-Zubayr.

The role of the anaza continued to be prominent in building Islamic mosques, so every mosque in the country and the open regions was standing on its qiblah by a group of companions to determine the direction of the qiblah towards the Sacred House of God, the Holy Kaaba.

An example of this is what Uqba bin Nafi did while building the Kairouan Mosque, as he struck his spear in the ground and fixed it, saying (This is your qiblah), and this is a reminder of what the Prophet, peace od be upon him, used to do by determining the direction of the qiblah with the anaza.

The shape of the anaza evolved, so instead of the spear, Muslims invented mobile niches, which were known as the anaza, especially in the Maghreb.