الدلالات الدينية و السياسية للنقوش الكتابية المنفذة على مفاتيح و أقفال أبواب الكعبة المشرفة في العصر المملوكي. : دراسة آثارية فنية

الملخص EN

The work of the key to the Kaaba is one of the things in which the Sultans and the rulers compete, because of the religious and secular meanings they have, as the patron of the House of God is at the same time the political leadership of Muslims in addition to religious leadership.

The keys of the Kaaba were made in several stages: they were made of iron in the early Abbasid period, then bronze, and the first to give the Kaaba a gold key is the Abbasid Caliph Mu'tasim Allah bin Harun al-Rashid.

The keys were made of gold in the Fatimid and Mamluk periods (658-676 / 1260-1277), who sent a garment and a key to the Kaaba named after the Caliph Al-Mustansir Allah, the first Abbasid caliphate in Cairo.

This became a tradition followed by the Mamluk Sultans in Egypt.

The keys to the Kaaba were varied and differed according to the place allocated to it.

Some of them were not dedicated to the main door.

It was called the "Holy Gate".

Some of these were dedicated to the Gate of Mercy.

It is a door inside the Kaaba that leads to its roof.

The study is based on the attempt to highlight the religious and political connotations of the inscriptions written on the keys and locks of the doors of the Kaaba in the Mamluk era, and the various Qur'anic verses that are closely related to the status of the Kaaba in Muslim religious and political terms.

The inscriptions also included propaganda phrases, The names of the caliphs and sultans, in addition to their titles and the meaning of that political and religious and how they are interested in this blessed place, and engraved on many keys dates of manufacture.