استراتيجيات مواجهة التغيرات المناخية في العراق

الملخص EN

Climate.

The study revealed the weakness of the national strategies adopted to face the phenomenon of climate change due to the weakness of the executive procedures and the poverty of the Iraqi environmental law.

Despite Iraq's joining to the Kyoto Protocol in (2009) and its participation in the Paris Climate Change Conference in (2015), and adopting many plans by the former Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of Health and Environment now.

The effects of climate change are increasing continuously.

As for the emissions causing climate changes, Iraq's emissions have increased concerning greenhouse gases were the total gas is (2.397) ppm in (2012), increased to (12.533) ppm in (2016), increasing by (10.136) ppm during the last five years.

The environmental damage caused by climatic changes such as sand dunes, desertification and salinity has increased since (2012), with a total area of (398, 809) dunums, (256, 3030) dunums, and (836, 209) dunums respectively till that the area increased in (2016) to become (2, 612, 000) dunums and (5, 288, 000) dunums respectively.

The study relied on the theory of challenge and response for the English Scientist Arnold Toynbee, which is based on the effectiveness of the response towards the challenges that are facing and showed weak national responses towards the challenge which is represented by climate changes.