دراسة تحليلية للأنظمة الزراعية في اليمن (626–721هـ 1229–1321م)‎

الملخص EN

Nur al-Din Umar b.

Ali b.

Rasul, the first sultan of the Rasulid state, arrived with the campaign of Turan Shah b.

Ayyub to the Yemen in 569/1173.

Later, Nur al-Din started to establish an independent state in the Yemen.

On the same approach, his son the sultan al-Muzaffar Yusuf achieved a political unity of the Rasulid state, followed by his sons al-Ashraf and then Al-Muayad who died in 721 / 1321.

There is no doubt, that the long duration of the Rasulids rule in Tihama and South Yemen was important to the early and medieval history of the Yemen.

The Rasulids wrote in many topics ranging from history and biography to genealogy and agriculture.

The peak of agricultural production and its varieties, in the Yemen, was in the Rasulids' era, where the state controlled agricultural production in many parts of the country.

The present study is based on important Rasulid sources that took a new form in writing and documenting.

This is, probably, because those who participated in the writing of these sources were the clerks and officials of the Rasulid state.

The present study focuses on the laws and regulations enacted by the Rasulids in the field of agriculture and its impact on the state treasury.

The period of the study begins from the foundation of the Rasulid State until the end of the reign of the sultan al-Muayad b.

Yusuf.

This study deals with: land-agriculture "'Imara" policies and laws, ie cultivation of land to increase agricultural crops, agricultural almanac that determine the times of rainfall, crop cultivation and other diverse activities carried out by farmers.

In the same context, it talks about the soil of the Yemen and its types, quality, laws of plowing, fertilization and wages.

It, also, concentrates on Irrigation system, confiscation and laws enacted by the Rasulids as well as the laws relating to the system of sale, purchase and lease of agricultural lands.

In addition, it informs us about the system of agricultural partnership or share and the most important agricultural crops at the time.

In conclusion, the most important results are mentioned such as the Yemen's areas were suitable for agriculture, which prompted the Rasulid State to urge people: farmers and peasants to cultivate lands located on the water-falls, and issued the laws and regulations and methods of marketing agricultural products locally or externally.