فلسفة الدين عند سبينوزا في ضوء المنهج الديكارتي

الملخص EN

This research paper revolves around three axes that seem to be largely intertwined: the first of them is Spinoza's Cartesian framework, where Spinoza is the most prominent discoverer of the Cartesian approach to the areas that Descartes excluded, foremost of which is religion.

He proposed that faith which is based on free research is better than faith which is based on inherited customs and traditions.

While the second axis deals with the way in which Spinoza deals with religious subjects in a purely philosophical way; according to Spinoza, God is the essence, infinite, one, eternal, simple, necessary, with the nature is the same thing; while prophecy is a human reality; true revelation is the revelation in the understandable human psyche and the contract is not special for some people and not special for other people, but it is for all mankind, and so it is clear the falsehood of the chosen people of God, miracles are just natural occurrence which are occurring according to natural law which we can't understand, good and evil are relative, and the soul doesn't survive death.

but there is some kind of the rational eternity, and the method of interpretation of the Bible is the historical one, if not possible, there would be the rational critical method.

He assured the separation between religion, philosophy and politics.

While the third axis presents Spinoza's concept about the philosophy of religion as a relatively recent and accurate subject that expresses a special pattern of philosophy on religious issues that takes Spinoza out from the framework of the seventeenth century, and puts him in the following centuries that saw the emergence of the philosophy of religion as an independent subject.