La contribution de la maîtrise de l'énergie au renforcement de la compétitivité du secteur industriel Marocain

الملخص EN

Energy consumption is changing substantially and continuously.

It has more than doubled in forty years (from 1973 to 2019), according to the international energy agency.

It has proven to be above its long-term trend in all regions of the world, especially China and emerging countries.

This consumption remains predominated by petroleum which represented 33.1% in 2017, while the share of coal reached 30.3%.

It was peaking especially in industry, one-third of the final universal energy.

That said, producing countries are called upon to step up the pace of exploration for new deposits.

As for the consuming countries, of which Morocco is a part, they will inevitably bear the consequences through the increase in prices.

Like all countries in the world, energy in Morocco is a vector of economic development with a contribution of 13% to GDP in 2018 and of the order of 24.5 billion DH in tax revenue.

Morocco's annual energy consumption reached 20.5 million tonnes of oil equivalent in 2017, an increase of 32% compared to 2007, its overall energy bill weighs heavily on its macroeconomic balances, going from 21 billion dirhams in 2003 to 82,5 billion dirhams in 2018 or nearly 8 billion euros, of which 28 billion dirhams is reserved for industry (textiles, cements, steel,).

An alternative is now needed to mitigate the phenomenon of rising energy prices and ensure sustainable industrial competitiveness.