المتشابه في عقوبات قوانين العراق القديم و أسفار التوراة

الملخص EN

Comparative studies spot light on ancient cultures and shed light on the cultural transfer with other cultures.

The present study aims at shedding light on the similarity in punishments between the laws of ancient Iraq and the punishments in the Old Testament.

The results of the study show that the Jews were influenced by the laws of the ancient Iraq as they cited much of them.

Such extractions are found clearly in the Old Testament.

There are some clear similarities in rules and judgments which is related to the influence of ancient Iraq on this culture.

The Old Testament comprises some judgments that are similar to those of Hammurabi's laws.

Some scientists say that the Hebrews were influenced by Hammurabi's laws because they are the oldest.

The Old testament were rewritten in its final form in the fifth century B.C.

after the return from the displacement of the Jews to Babel.

Accordingly, the Jews extracted many rules from Hammurabi's Cods and the Assyrian culture.

The Legislations are similar in some points, one of them the relief on Hammurabi's stele shows that Hammurabi receives the laws from the god of sun, and the Old Testament mentions that Muses receive the legislations from God of the Hebrews on the Mount of Sinai.

Because the culture of ancient Iraq is the oldest, we can say that it was the source that other cultures extracted from.