Impacts of Voice and Accountability upon Innovation in Pakistan: Evidence from ARDL and Maki Cointegration Approaches
المؤلفون المشاركون
Nadeem, Muhammad Athar
Jiao, Zhilun
Nawaz, Kishwar
Younis, Amna
المصدر
Mathematical Problems in Engineering
العدد
المجلد 2020، العدد 2020 (31 ديسمبر/كانون الأول 2020)، ص ص. 1-18، 18ص.
الناشر
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
تاريخ النشر
2020-07-28
دولة النشر
مصر
عدد الصفحات
18
التخصصات الرئيسية
الملخص EN
Innovative capacity has a decisive and crucial role in determining who is prospering in the global arena.
Innovation is crucial for value creation, high productivity, economic growth, employment, and sustainable development that benefit the consumers, firms, businesses, and economy as a whole.
Several institutional, political, and social conditions lead to different responses of innovation.
For instance, low voice and accountability may lead to low institutional setting, cronyism, and favoritism in allocation of resources, which can harm innovation.
Similarly, the terrorist attack of 9/11 caused horrific scales of destructions, which caught the countries on various fronts such as economic, political, and technological.
Further, sound infrastructure and savings rates are essential to enhance innovation.
Applying the ARDL approach to cointegration, this study investigates the impact of voice and accountability, terrorism, infrastructure, and savings on innovation in Pakistan.
The empirical evidence shows that low voice and accountability and terrorism have adverse impacts on innovation in the short- and long-run periods.
Further, findings reveal that inadequate infrastructures and low savings adversely affect the innovation in both periods.
Various robust checks such as Maki cointegration, Johansen cointegration test, fully modified ordinary least square, dynamic ordinary least square, and canonical cointegration regression corroborate the results.
The findings of the study would be of substantial implications for government and policymakers.
نمط استشهاد جمعية علماء النفس الأمريكية (APA)
Nadeem, Muhammad Athar& Jiao, Zhilun& Nawaz, Kishwar& Younis, Amna. 2020. Impacts of Voice and Accountability upon Innovation in Pakistan: Evidence from ARDL and Maki Cointegration Approaches. Mathematical Problems in Engineering،Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-18.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1196863
نمط استشهاد الجمعية الأمريكية للغات الحديثة (MLA)
Nadeem, Muhammad Athar…[et al.]. Impacts of Voice and Accountability upon Innovation in Pakistan: Evidence from ARDL and Maki Cointegration Approaches. Mathematical Problems in Engineering No. 2020 (2020), pp.1-18.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1196863
نمط استشهاد الجمعية الطبية الأمريكية (AMA)
Nadeem, Muhammad Athar& Jiao, Zhilun& Nawaz, Kishwar& Younis, Amna. Impacts of Voice and Accountability upon Innovation in Pakistan: Evidence from ARDL and Maki Cointegration Approaches. Mathematical Problems in Engineering. 2020. Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-18.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1196863
نوع البيانات
مقالات
لغة النص
الإنجليزية
الملاحظات
Includes bibliographical references
رقم السجل
BIM-1196863
قاعدة معامل التأثير والاستشهادات المرجعية العربي "ارسيف Arcif"
أضخم قاعدة بيانات عربية للاستشهادات المرجعية للمجلات العلمية المحكمة الصادرة في العالم العربي
تقوم هذه الخدمة بالتحقق من التشابه أو الانتحال في الأبحاث والمقالات العلمية والأطروحات الجامعية والكتب والأبحاث باللغة العربية، وتحديد درجة التشابه أو أصالة الأعمال البحثية وحماية ملكيتها الفكرية. تعرف اكثر