وكالات التصنيف الائتمانية في الفقه الإسلامي

الملخص EN

Credit rating agencies emerged to reduce financial risks and severe financial crises through helping the financial markets to make appropriate investment and financing decisions.

Consequently, this study aims to identify the concept of credit rating agencies, their importance and the Islamic juristic factors that affect them.

The study additionally discusses the types of credit rating, the tools used by those agencies in the credit rating, the symbols that indicates the credit rating scores, the criteria which must be adopted by credit rating agencies, the degree and the impact of these standards in the jurisprudence as well as indication of degrees used by international credit rating agencies to indicate credit quality and the impact of these degrees on the rating.

Despite the great services that the credit rating agencies have provided, the agencies were among the main reasons that led to the global financial crisis in 2008.

This is when agencies gave high credit ratings to US mortgage securities, afterwards, the financial crisis occurred.

Finally, this paper examined some Islamic juristic issues which can affect credit rating agencies such as: fixed debt, mortgage and the interests and indicate their impact on credit rating agencies