البعد الأخلاقي للتسامح الديني مع غير المسلمين في عصر صدر الإسلام و الخلافة الراشدة

الملخص EN

The religious forgiving in Islam takes its highest moral value from the law of Muslims (Holy Quran) that practically embodied through the biography of passenger Mohammad (pubh) and the caliphs who behave also according to prophet did to treat with non muslim who were a part of society those are Jewish ,Christ ,and others who were specialize and mention in Quran , they lived with Muslims in one state and had the same rights of them in addition to keep their freedom and what they demanded by Islam .this research in the first part deals with the definition of names of non Muslims in Islam legislation , whereas the second part talks about two axes , the nature of foregiving living with non Muslims in various sides of life as social ,economics through the period of passenger (pubh) and his caliphs who they embodied as an ideal example for Muslims .