المؤسسات الدينية و دورها في إثراء العادات و التقاليد في العراق خلال عهد المماليك 1749-1831

الملخص EN

During the period from the early 18th century until the first quarter of the 19th century, Iraq witnessed the intertwining of social and political phenomena, which had a clear impact on all customs and traditions as well as the intellectual movement at that time.

The Mamluk era in Iraq represented the era of power and At the same time, significant changes took place in the administration of the state, which began after Hassan Pasha took over and began to disqualify the Ancars from power.

This led to the chaos and bloody conflicts between them, which culminated in the inauguration of Suleiman Pasha, the great and the ruler of Baghdad in 1780, who ruled three and a half decades in Baghdad, Go ahead "He pledged to help the poorer classes of the people to take care, encourage trade and provide protection.

All communities were allowed to practice their customs and traditions unconditionally and his government had a" great prestige ".

Which helped to maintain the rule of the Mamluks for half a century.

The Mamluks were the first to protect Iraq from Iranians and Wahhabis and to avoid wars with neighboring countries.

The rule of Wali Dawood Pasha in 1817 was a fairly fair and prosperous era.

Moreover, his reign was characterized by some reforms that had an intellectual and social influence in Iraq, and his attempts at renewal in the military, cultural and economic fields.

However, these attempts were not successful and ended in 1831 by painful epidemics as it is known, whether through epidemics or floods and other tragedies that afflicted the Iraqi society during that period of history, which represented an era can not be ignored or ignored because it left a lot of fingerprints in the Iraqi society since the first half .of the eighteenth century Wa For the first half of the nineteenth century