العنف و الشغب في ملاعب إقليم كردستان لكرة القدم

الملخص EN

Violence and riot in sports stadiums are a more common phenomenon, especially in football stadiums.

The study aimed to: .

Learn about the causes of violence and riot in Iraqi Kurdistan football stadiums.12.

Identify the arithmetic mean of the field and the causes related to violence and riot in football stadiums of Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

3.

In light of the results, a cultural program is proposed to educate the public and those concerned with sports stadiums, with the aim of providing appropriate recommendations and solutions to reduce and limit stadium riot.

The researcher used the descriptive approach to suit the nature of the research.

The researcher used a questionnaire of violence and riots in sports stadiums, which was designed by Khaled Zyoud (2014) and applied to the research sample consisting of (150).

The results of the study showed that the phenomenon of violence and riots in the Iraqi Kurdistan's football stadiums is caused first and second by administrators, coaches and the public, followed by the referees, then players and finally the media.

In light of this, the study recommended working to educate the sports fans by establishing fans' links in each city or all clubs and work on educating coaches, administrators and players and recommending them not to focus only on the training side and winning, and to establish strict laws and penalties against the guilty, and to establish special sessions and refine the referees to behave correctly in aggressive and rough situations and learn from their mistakes as well as working to establish a security unit or team for sports stadiums and the necessity of keeping the media away from reclamation and mobilizing the masses with hatred and creating discord among them.

Finally, the Football Association proposes a project for awareness and education through a special approach called "Respect for the Game``