مفهوم النفس في فلسفة الفارابي : دراسة تحليلية

الملخص EN

Philosophers were interested in uncovering the secrets of existence, especially the conception of self, so they took care of it, trying to understand what it is and to clarify its strengths and its relationship to the body and knowing the destiny of its fate.

The role of translation from several languages into Arabic has enriched and clarified what was obscure to them and they studied it.

Our philosopher Al-Farabi had a pre-eminence in that, where he wrote and published many books and many letters where he studied man on both his physical and spiritual sides.

He was influenced by the performance of Greek philosophers such as Socrates, who described soul as the shadow of God in man.

AL-Farabi explained that the knowledge of God is one of the earliest knowledge, as Farabi knew that the essence of man Plato clear in the issue of emanation, that included Celestial and terrestrial bodies, overflowing with appropriate images of the active mind.

Al-Farabi was influenced by Aristotle's definition of the self when he said that it is the first perfection of a body of medical life with force and in his division of the soul as human, animal and vegetative and the related forces, and in the description of the speaking self in his division as the most complete and perfect soul.

Al-Farabi was influenced by the leaders of Islamic philosophy, where they described him as the first founder of the Arab philosophy of Islamic compromise in the division of existence to two basic types: the kind of existence which is possible and the other is essential to exist, and in order of the souls according to the ranks of existence, the world is a self and each sky has a self.

And then the person has a self and the animal has a self to the animal, and each sky has a self and the soul rises from the sensible to the reasonable by the imagined power and his view had psychological happiness, where he stated that the earth city, whatever its perfection is not a goal in itself, but it is to the highest happiness received by the noble souls of the other world.