دراسة اقتصادية لدور التجارة الخارجية لبعض الحاصلات الزراعية في تلبية احتياجات المستهلك الليبي

الملخص EN

The research aimed to study the role of foreign trade in meeting the needs of the Libyan consumer for some of the leading agricultural crops during the period (1990-2010).

The research results from our research shows that : (1) Despite the importance attached to the agricultural sector in the country's economic policy of trying to produce food at least locally, but this has not happened so far, and there is still a deficit in the balance of agricultural commodity trade with the outside world, as in 2010 it reached (2.757) billion dinars, as the allocations of the agricultural sector in the development plans are the largest in comparison to other sectors, but its contribution to the GDP is weak or negligible.

(2) Self-sufficiency of wheat has not been achieved.

The wheat gap in Libya in 2010 reached about 1.507.5 thousand tons, with an annual average of about 912.19 thousand tons.

This could be due to the presence of obstacles to its domestic production as a result of irrational economic policies in the field of foreign trade.

(3) The food gap for barley decreased from about 870 thousand tons in 1990, and the gap reached about 111.3 thousand tons in 2010, with an annual average of about 338.39 thousand tons and the deficit is covered by imports.

The shrinking of food gap and the increase in the self-sufficiency rate of barley was attributed to the exploitation of most of the cultivated areas that depend on rain water in the cultivation of this crop.

(4) Animal production has not achieved its goals due to the lack of local feed, and the Libyan per capita share of local production of animal protein is low, and this deficit in the local production of animal protein is covered through foreign trade.

(5) Emphasis was placed on the foreign trade of milk because the volume of local production of milk is described as weak, which bears a great burden on the agricultural trade balance from the rest of the locally produced animal protein sources, which benefit the Libyan consumer of all ages despite all the investments in this field.

(6) The food gap for vegetables is still covered by imports, which amounted to approximately 31.58 thousand tons during the year 2010, with an annual average of about 217.8 thousand tons, although the ingredients for their production are available, but fertilizers and seeds are imported from abroad.

(7) The fruit food gap is widening, which is mainly covered from the imports.

It is expanded at the end of the study period to approximately 49.2 thousand tons despite the availability of the ingredients for the production of most types of fruits that can be produced in Libya, and that they do not need large quantities of water, the main determinant of agriculture in Libya.