تأثير العناصر المناخية في تربية النحل و إنتاج العسل في محافظة السليمانية

الملخص EN

The honey bee is directly affected by the elements of the surrounding climate, the climatic factors have a significant and clear influence in beekeeping, as the bees thrive and reproduce better in the good climatic conditions required by their breeding activity.

Beekeeping projects are one of the most important pillars of economic activity in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, an important source of food and human healing, and an important pillar of the population's economy in the province.

The beekeeping projects are affected by the elements of the climate, which had an impact on beekeeping and on the amount of honey produced in the governorate.

The study period depended on a 38-year climatic cycle for a period of one year (1981-2019 AD) for the Sulaymaniyah Climate Station, which is located within the region Mediterranean climate the research focused on the most important climatic factors affecting the activity of beekeeping and honey production, which are the hours of solar brightness (lighting duration), temperature, wind, air humidity and precipitation.

It turns out that the activity of honey bees is related to the duration of lighting, meaning that they work during the day and stop working during the night, and that the general average of the maximum temperature in which bees can work in the autumn and spring months and some summer months in the governorate, and the wind speed is suitable for the work of bees in all months of the year As for atmospheric humidity, which is a form of atmospheric humidity, its percentage in the governorate is appropriate in the months of spring and winter and some of the autumn months.

As for rain, which is a form of precipitation, its effect on the activity of bees is limited, as it falls at a time when the bees are not working.