رؤية الهلال في البلاد المتباعدة من منظور المحدث البحراني و المحقق النراقي رحمهما الله : دراسة و نقدا

الملخص EN

Sighting the crescent of Ramadan in those distant cities was not a discussable matter among earlier religious scholars before the Late Sheikh Al-Tusi.

Thus, no evidence is seen in their writings as for this issue.

However, the first one to argue for it, and followed by other scholars, is Al-Tusi, who chose to be in favor of ''union of horizons'' condition between the city of the competent performing religious duties and the city where the crescent is sighted.

Yet, it is observed that this issue was arguable depending on minor premises and the possibility of ''diversity of horizons'' only.

The scholars who practiced and favored this premise neglected other major premises, adhering to the condition of crescent sighting in the city of the competent.

The first two scholars, within the Islamic Seminary of Karbala, who dissociated the minor from the major were the Late Sheikh Yousef Al-Bahrani and Ahmad Al-Naraqi.

Al-Bahrani believes that the ''diversity of horizons'' is impossible, where the times and legal appointed periods are self-instructing, real, and non-relative among cities.

In contrast, Al-Naraqi considers that the ''diversity of horizons'' is possible between the city of the competent and the city where the crescent is sighted, that is not necessary to know that the crescent is not to be sighted in the city of the competent, and that the crescent would be possibly sighted.

When doubting, it is essential to co-refer to ''oluteness of evidence authenticity''.

In addition, there is no solid proof for the sightedness of the crescent being a condition to the competent.