التحديث في إيران في القرن التاسع عشر : أمير كبير أنموذجا

الملخص EN

The modernization process that occurred in Iran, Iran since the mid-nineteenth century, is one of the most important historical stages that the country went through in the modern era, which contributed to building a new political, social and economic system in it, and on the other hand, it contributed to the process of Iranian rapprochement with the West.

This has left a positive and negative impact on the Iranian reality, and this effect included the most prominent men of the modernization process, who some saw reformers and 7 (.

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modernizers in them, while another group of people saw them as secular, liberal, traitors, and even infidels in some stage.

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And in the forefront of all of these Mirza Muhammad Taqi Khan Farhani, known as Amir Kabir, was a pioneer of modernization in Persia, which will be the focus of this study