نشوء برجوازية المدن الإسلامية "الطبقة الوسطى" منذ صدر الإسلام حتى نهاية القرن الرابع الهجري

الملخص EN

The emergence of the bourgeoisie of Islamic cities Summary of the research the bourgeoisie of Islamic cities appeared late in the era of early islam.

A few orientalists wrote about them, and a few Arab historians followed them.

Its emergence and reqularity as a social class did not take its political and executive positions for it, but affirmed it self economically and socially, through its commercial and financial activities and through its writings and conditions that were based on the Holy Qur'an and its explanations and interpretations and on the noble prophetic hadiths that authorized the accumulation of wealth by earning, selling, buying and halal trade and on Achieving some qualifications towards specific forms of luxury and luxury because "God loves to see the effect of His grace on His servant".

The is Muhammad bin Ali al-Shaibani and his student Ali bin Abdullah bin Sama'a in the book "Al-Kasab".

This is Ahmad bin Harb al-Nayabouri and his student Ahmed bin Yahya al-Halawani And their books in ((Trade, Earning and Money)) and this is a group of books ((Workers Treasure)) titled ((Trade)), all of which confirm what was mentioned in the dear revelation and the profession of an honest merchant and his earning of money satisfies God more than any government action.

Until you read the bools of classes, biographies, death books, and notables, you find a lot of information about clothes and expensive clothes, the use of the doctor, the pigment of hair, the taking of gold and silver rings and the wearing of jewelry, and you find a witness who shows the dressing of what he sells to everyone who is able to him and the jurists make work a religious duty, and you see among them ((The Qattan)) and ((Al-Baqlani)) and ((Al-Sarraj)) and ((Al-Qayyar)) and another aspect ((bourgeois)) is represented by polygamy, taking slaves, beds, and concubines, as well as what is spent on buildings, palaces, houses and buildings in luxury and beauty of money, and this is how a Muslim should be rich, based on the noble hadith (the tow phases almost become infidels) and the saying of imam Ali bin Abi Talib against him Peace (poverty is the greatest death) Trade created a class of the rich, the wealthy, and those on the left, and it became a matter for it in social and economic life.

This is Saeed bin Al-Musayyib, a modernist and a merchant, and this Abu Huraira is a collector of hadith and a merchanr, and this is Hakim bin Hizam, who is very wealthy.

I like to relate to Qurayshi this commercial glory.