التوجهات الاصلاحية عند المفكر علي مبارك

الملخص EN

During the nineteenth century, a group of Arab thinkers appeared, some of whom were destined to study in Europe and gain direct access to the scientific and cultural reality of the development and progress of those countries, and this had a great impact on their intellectual orientations, and because there were many studies that dealt with the political, social, economic and military reality of Arab urbanities during the nineteenth century However, some studies lacked the pioneers of the Arab renaissance movement in that era, and the Arab thinker (Ali Mubarak) stands at the forefront of these pioneers