قضية تطور الأنواع الأدبية في النظرية النقدية الغربية الحديثة

الملخص EN

This article shows the developing of literary genres from different western critics.

These critics have tried to explain the evolution of literarygenres according to it's philosophical and epistemological background or it's critical direction.

So, Brontier interpret it with Darwin's background of the biology's evolution.

In addition, Vincent add to this interpretation an internal element which is the genius to correct the interpretation internally and externally.

While the supporters of formal school deal with the issue from internal structure of the text and they say that the literary type to be transformed ,the dominant formal system must be changed ,replacing it by another dominant formal system from other literary genre may marginalize it .Also ,Marxists activate the relationship between society and literature and they claim that society imposes specific literary types suitable for it's aesthetic and historical position