التنمية المائية المستدامة في العراق : المعوقات و سبل المواجهة

الملخص EN

Water is a natural and essential resource for the continuation of life and a necessity of economic development, and it is historically a factor of population attraction since the emergence of civilizations, and its permanence has been derived from it, and water is at the same time a source of conflicts, especially at the moment, because there is no agreement between the countries involved in Rivers as access to disputed water becomes indifferent.

The Tigris and Euphrates rivers are among the main sources on which the countries they are conducting, especially in agricultural, industrial, domestic and all development fields, and after the geographical neighbors of Iraq, turkey and Syria, constructed a number of dams and Iran diverted the course of Rivers inward have reduced water imports.

Since the problem of water scarcity is one of the most important challenges facing the sustainability of development due to the severe shortage of water imports, as the water resources available to Iraq do not allow to keep up with the demand and its impact is clearly shown as an economic challenge in the agricultural aspect, as water is one of the most specific factors for production.

agricultural and achieve its food security.

This is further complicated by the recent unstable security situation in Iraq, and the Tigris and Euphrates rivers are not subject to any political and legal agreement that preserves Iraq's historically acquired rights.

These dimensions have had a negative impact on the reality of sustainable development in Iraq, especially since the water issue takes the position of president and a key part of the strategy for sustainable development, hence this study came to highlight the importance of water in achieving the sustainable development goals, and then to learn about the reality of security Water in Iraq and how the government manages the water resources and the obstacles that they face as introductions are necessary to develop ways to face them and achieve a successful sustainable water development, and for him the researchers reached a number of conclusions, including achieving the hypothesis of research as it turns out that the importance of water increases in determining Achieving the sustainable development goals in Iraq, as there are a range of problems in the management of water resources and political factors and weakness in water legal systems in the field of water security in Iraq, as well as the construction of dams and the implementation of irrigation projects is not commensurate with the sustainable development goals in This aspect in Iraq, and finally, no comprehensive international agreement has been reached between Iraq, Turkey and Syria with regard to the determination of fair water quotas, as is the case with Iran, as it guarantees the acquired rights of the countries of the stream and the estuary.

The most important recommendations are that access to an integrated management of available water resources requires joint efforts to develop control and information exchange systems and protect water resources from pollution within the framework of final water agreements, as well as to adopt a unified water policy by Iraq and Syria within the framework of A unified and coordinated methodology, upholding Iraq's historical and legal water rights and not compromising them, as achieving the goal of sustainable development in the water sector needs a fundamental change in current policies and practices, and this change will not come easily without conscious leadership and joint and continuous efforts between them and citizens and neighboring countries.