تجربة محمد علي في إقامة وحدة عربية بمساعدة الدول الأوروبية و موقف الدولة العثمانية منها

الملخص EN

This study aims to highlight the ambitions of Muhammad Ali Pasha and his aspirations towards the seizure of the Arab regions under the Ottoman Empire, which was a major cause of the escalation of the conflict between him and the Ottoman Sultan, and perhaps the strength of Muhammad Ali Pasha's army and his advanced military organizations, their clear impact on his superiority over the Ottoman army and in establishing A sprawling empire, which prompted the Ottoman Sultan to seek help from European countries, and at the time the Ottoman Empire declared that Muhammad Ali Pasha was a rebel and out of the will of the Ottoman Sultan, most European countries - out of their own interests - intensified their efforts to support this Sultan in Confronting the ambition of this rebellious governor, On the one hand, it started to ignite revolutions among the peoples of the regions that Muhammad Ali expanded at his expense against his regime, and on the other hand it used all political and diplomatic means to end this conflict in the interest of the Ottoman Sultan, in light of what was known as the Treaty of London and the Firman of 1841 AD, which led to The defeat of Muhammad Ali Pasha, and his exit from this conflict a loser