أثر استخدام أنموذج بارمان في اكتساب المفاهيم الجغرافية لدى طالبات المرحلة المتوسطة و تنمية مهارات التفكير البصري لديهن

الملخص EN

The current research aims to find out the effect of the Barman model on the acquisition of geographical concepts among middle school students and the development of their visual thinking skills.

In order to achieve the goal of the research, the researcher developed two null hypotheses, and for the purpose of verifying them, a sample of female students in the second intermediate grade in the Shereikhan Intermediate School for Girls was selected for the academic year (2019-2020) were intentionally selected from the research community, and the total number of its members was (48) students, of which (25) students were for the experimental group and (23) for the control group, where the experimental group was studied according to the Barman model, while the control group was studied according to the usual method .

The parity process between the two groups was carried out in a number of variables, which are (chronological age calculated in months, the general average in the first intermediate grade, the achievement in the social subject of the first intermediate grade, the IQ, the educational level of the parents.) The research also required two tools, the first of which is the Geographical Concepts Acquisition Test, which in its final form consisted of (30) test items for (10) ten main geographical concepts.

Each concept was assigned (3) paragraphs that measure the elements of the concept (definition, example, application), respectively, and then it was chosen.

(10) items of the type of pairing and matching to measure the definition, then (10) items of the multiple-choice type were chosen to measure discrimination, and (10) items were allocated from the multiple-choice type to measure the application, and the validity and reliability of the test were confirmed as it reached (30) items in its form Finally, the coefficient of difficulty, discriminatory power and effectiveness of the alternatives were extracted.

As for the second tool, it is a test of visual thinking skills, the researcher relied on Al-Zubaidi test (2018) for this purpose, as it consisted of (43) items distributed over seven skills, namely, information analysis, interpretation of information, visual discrimination, perception of relationships, deduction of meaning, symmetry, perception of difference.) - .

)0.85 0.75 (The researcher also prepared samples of teaching plans for the Barman model and the regular method, and verified their validity by presenting a sample from them to the arbitrators.

She conducted a pre-test for visual thinking skills, after which she began applying the research experiment on 10/2/2019 to the experimental and control research groups and continued to apply the experiment for a whole semester, which is the first semester of the 2019-2020 academic year.

At the end of the experiment, the researcher applied the geographical concepts acquisition test to the two research groups.

On December 25, 2019.

And the visual thinking skills test (post-application) on 12/26/2019.

The researcher presented the average student grades on the tribal test of the average student grades on the remote test and found the average difference between the two tests to test visual thinking skills, and after correcting the students' answers to the instruments the researcher collected the data and analyzed it using (t-test) for two independent samples.

The results showed what comes : 1- There is a statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the average degrees of acquisition of geographical concepts for students of the experimental group studied in accordance with the Barman model and the students of the control group that are taught in the usual way.

2- There is a statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the average development of visual thinking for students of the experimental group that is taught in accordance with the strategy of the Barman model and the students of the control group that studies in the usual way.

The researcher came up with recommendations, including preparing preparation and training for education, by conducting training courses for teachers of geography, from within the social context, to train them in the use of Barman.