المتطلبات الاجتماعية و الاقتصادية و البيئية لاستراتيجية تطوير و تنمية بحيرة البرلس

الملخص EN

This research mainly aims to identify the most important social, economic and environmental requirements to build a fishery indicative strategy for the development of Lake Burullus by identifying the problems and obstacles related to the development of Lake Burullus socially, economically and environmentally, and the application of research results, whether in the form of recommendations or new technology, and used the research method The rapid use of thirty-two focus groups to collect data from the study sample, which was represented by fishermen and researchers in seven regions, namely the Cooperative Societies of Fishermen in Burullus Lake, the Environmental Affairs Agency, the College of Agriculture, the College of Fisheries and Fisheries, the National Institute of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, the General Authority for Fisheries, and the Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, and the number of attendance of each group ranged between 10-15 participants.

The research reached several results, the most important of which are summarized as follows: First: Problems and obstacles related to fishermen's societies and fishing operations and proposals for solving them from the point of view of fishermen, members of fishermen's cooperative societies, including the spread of unemployment among young educated fishermen, weak social solidarity among fishermen's communities, lack of social and health services and the financing needed for the fishermen community, the spread of endemic diseases among fishermen, the weak role of fishermen’s associations and the fishermen’s union and their failure to fulfill the objectives for which they were established, the inadequacy of the social insurance system against disability and old age, the lack of insurance Healthy for fishermen and their families.

second: problems and obstacles related to the scientific and professional institutions concerned with the lake and the proposed solutions from the point of view of researchers in the scientific and professional institutions concerned with the development of the lake, including the spread of illegal fishing methods at night, the spread of fishing with traction boats and the depletion of the fish stock in the lake, the spread of the mafia of zurek fishing within Lake Burullus Day and night, fishing with unlicensed fishing boats, which increases the fishing load in the lake, the multiplicity of supervisory authorities on the lake and the lack of coordination between them, the dispersal of responsibility and the lack of clarity of objectives, the lack of funding to clear the lake of reeds and weeds, the spread of drying and backfilling work on the shores of the lake, the spread of fish farms and enclosures On the shores of Lake Burullus and dumping its waste inside the lake.

Third: Problems and obstacles related to the comprehensive environmental development of Lake Burullus and proposals to solve them from the point of view of researchers in the environmental field, including the imbalance of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the fish stock as a result of closing the seawater in the lake and the transformation of the water condition in the lake from running water to stagnant water, fluctuation of water levels in the lake along the shores and coastal areas, which leads to a decrease in the fish stock in the lake, the spread of plants and aquatic weeds to a large extent, such as reeds, and the jungle, which leads to damage to the fish stock of the lake, increased silting on the bottom of the lake and the appearance of dried parts of the lake, which reduces its water area, deduction of large parts of Lake Burullus To establish fish terrariums and fish farms on them and to drain their residues inside the lake, which leads to a shrinkage in the area of the lake and pollutes its waters.

The spread of water birds in the winter, which consume large quantities of fish, such as the snail bird, the spread of scalloped and spiny creatures that negatively affect the fish stock of the lake.

Fourth: Defining objectives for a fish indicative strategy for the development of Lake Burullus.

Socially and environmentally, its objectives were limited to the following: Concern for the development and support of institutions responsible for human fish development in Lake Burullus, including university education institutions, training and rehabilitation centers and development Skills, knowledge, fisheries guidance centers and other fields that provide sufficient numbers of skilled and specialized labor in accordance with the requirements of advanced fish production patterns and associated and integrated projects with them.

Legally and harmful to the fish stocks of the lake and its aquatic environment, coordination between government institutions, scientific bodies and civil society institutions related to fish activity This is reflected in the achievement of the development goals of Lake Burullus, provided that coordination is entrusted to a permanent committee in which the institutions and bodies concerned with the lake are represented and have the legislative support and job descriptions for their tasks and responsibilities according to a timetable to achieve the strategy in planning, implementation and evaluation, in addition to the funding sources necessary to achieve that strategy, activating Regulations and legislation related to environmental quality standards and standard specifications for restocking Burullus Lake, using a mechanism for coordination between the various units of the fish sector in Burullus Lake and involving them in setting and formulating appropriate policies and mechanisms to achieve the objectives of the Burullus Lake development strategy.

With the interest based on the applied level on the part of economists, planners, policy descriptors and decision makers, as targeting competitiveness is aimed at increasing the ability to manage resources and processes with high efficiency, create added value and increase in a sustainable manner growth rates in production and employment.

We have the example of China occupying an advanced position in Exporting Nile tilapia fish, whose original habitat is the Nile River, compared to the Egyptian fisheries sector, which by its nature possesses a significant amount of the elements and components of competitiveness in fish products, and finally activating regulations And the regulations regulating the roles of each of the fishermen’s cooperative societies and the fishermen’s union to improve the service, social and symbiotic aspect of its fishermen members.

Achieving some of the previous objectives of that strategy requires planning, implementing and evaluating field guidance programs in partnership with the authorities concerned with the development of Lake Burullus.