الآثار الاقتصادية و الاجتماعية للحرب العالمية الأولى على أوروبا

الملخص EN

The First World War 1914-1918 constituted an important axis of modern and contemporary European history, according to the nature of the political, economic and social changes of that war, which left a clear impact on the nature of European international relations for the period between the two wars.

Accordingly, there was an urgent need to study the economic and social effects of the First World War on Europe, especially since most of the historical studies that dealt with this stage were confined to the political side, forgetting the effectiveness of the economic and social variables in guiding the international policy of European countries, as the First World War was not the political factor its main engine but also included the economic, social and even national factor.

We can't be overlooked on the Economic and Social losses that European countries incurred during the years of the First World War cannot be overlooked, because they formed an important historical material to explain the orientations of those countries after the end of the war and the reconciliation conference in Paris.

France's heavy losses did not hide the feeling of revenge against Germany in Versailles, just as Britain's loss of prestige did not make it overlook its desire to restore the international balance by excluding Germany.

Not to mention the emergence of a new international power that took control of the economic balance during the war and was embodied in the United States of America, and the collapse of other powers that had an important role in international relations throughout the previous centuries, and under these changes the economic and social effects had an important role in directing the movements of those forces during the period between the two wars.

In this Study, we raise a number of the following questions: Were the Economic and Social Effects of the First World War 1914-1918 as important as the political effects that resulted from the war? And were these effects restricted to defeated countries or included their impact on the Victores and the vanquished? Economic and social change in the nature of the existing Economic capabilities in Europe? And what is their reflection on those forces in the issue of recovering from the ravages of war on the one hand and reviving their civilian capabilities on the other hand? The answer to these questions will clarify the extent of the effectiveness of the Economic and Social effects on the Political Relations of the European powers during the two wars, which is the main objective of this Study.