المدرسة الفائزية و دورها في الحضارة الإسلامية

الملخص EN

Ali Jamil Department of History and Civilization, Faculty of Arabic Language Zagazig, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.

E-mail : alijamil.25@azhar.

edu.

eg Science has a great place in Islam, and the first Muslims prevailed only through their adherence to knowledge and its spread throughout the world, and the nation of Islam will not rise except by returning to the approach of the great ancestors who spread knowledge, goodness, beauty and truth.

The ways and means by which science has been spread in Islamic history and civilization have varied, and among the requirements of that diversity are the educational and scholarly institutions and institutes that have been witnessed thanks to and their standing far and near, and have been shed light on them through well-articulated academic studies.

Al-Fawzia School in Islamic History and Civilization), in Assiut, Egypt during the Mamluk era.

Al-Maqrizi mentioned about 72 schools, the eighth Al-Fawzia school was among the schools he mentioned.

This school was built in the year 636 AH by the order of the companion Sharaf al-Din Hebat Allah bin Sa'id bin Wahib Al-Fajee before his ministry, and a group of scholars from judges and sheikhs taught there.

And scholars, and this school had a variety of endowments in quantity and quality, described by Ibn Duqmaq in his book Al-Intisar for Wasta Aqd Al-Amsar, an accurate description that negates ignorance, which had the greatest impact on the scholars and students' dedication to spreading knowledge.

The school, as an architectural entity, is considered a new model in Islamic architecture.

It was not known before the century (4 AH/10AD), then it soon spread in the countries of the Islamic world, and in each country it took its own architectural character, and there is no doubt that the establishment of schools It was the beginning of a new era in the development of Islamic architecture, especially religious buildings, on the one hand, and the flourishing of the scientific movement in the countries of the Islamic world, on the other.

  Keywords: The school - Fafeziya - history - civilization - Assiut - Mamluk