الشفاعة في العقوبات السلطانية في العصر المملوكي 648-923 ه 1250-1517م

الملخص EN

The intercession among the Mamluk elite class, the Sultans, statesmen, judges, and scholars, was a common incidence in Mamluk historical literature, with the sense of ceasing penalties imposed on individuals or groups by the Sultan or his representatives; furthermore, some of the important people in the state, bureaucrats and judges, participated also in such practice.

This term was specific principally to release individuals of Mamluks and princes, as well as writers, judges and other laity, of sultan's punishments.

since these penalties were frequently issued without a judicial ruling, but mostly by a personal prejudice and order, whether their doer was the head of the state represented by the Sultan, or any of those powerful and influential representatives of the authority.

This was a notable phenomenon in the literature of the Mamluk era, frequently detailed intervention of some to lift those penalties in what was known as “Intercession.

” This research will examine intercession with the royal punishments in the Mamluk era, in terms of the types of crimes that are interceded, the motives of intercessors, the categories of intercessors and those whom they were interceded for, and the results of intercession.