الموقف العراقي من إعلان الدولة العثمانية الجهاد في الحرب لعالمية الأولى

الملخص EN

With the declaration of the Ottoman State to enter World War I along with the Central Powers on 5 November 1914, and after the declaration of public mobilization, the Ottoman State sought to use everything is possible and all the potentials of the states under its authority to strengthen its military capabilities.

For that on 7 November, 1914 the Sheikh Islam Khairi Effendi issued the fatwa of Jihad, followed by the declaration of the Ottoman Sultan, on the eleventh of the same month, a statement urge to fight for defense of the Ottoman Empire and Islam.

At the same time, the Ottoman government went its efforts towards religious scholars and sent a delegation from Baghdad to prominent among them to discuss the situation of the war, the delegation was received warmly and a number of religious scholars announced that the Muslims must support the Muslim government in "pushing the infidels from the countries of Islam".

Through this research, we tried to answer several questions about the Iraqi position on the declaration of jihad.

Why did the Ottoman Empire go to declare jihad? Was the interaction of Iraqi religious scholars because of their conviction in jihad? How did the simple Iraqi citizen and the son of the tribe interact with this call and how much did they respond to it? Did the Iraqi citizen have a role on the battlefields? How big, natural and what results has this role been? How was the position of the intellectuals group on the declaration of jihad? To come up with the effect of all this on the Iraqi reality