قضية محاكمة مجرمي الحرب العالمية الثانية الإيطاليين والموقف البريطاني منها

الملخص EN

Britain and the Allied countries worked at the beginning of World War II to condemn the criminal acts committed by the Axis forces against defenseless civilians and classified them as war crimes, as Britain contributed with all its efforts in 1943 to establishing a committee to try war criminals affiliated with the United Nations, and because of its occupation of an advanced position of influence in Italy.

And the presence of its forces inside the Italian territory pledged to hand over the war criminals to the countries that request them after the end of the war for the purpose of trying them.

This case became complicated as a result of the nature of the prevailing conditions at the end of 1943, the fact that Italy left the Axis camp and joined with the Allies in the war, as well as the change in the situation after World War II, as most of those accused of war crimes occupied leading military positions in the new Italian army, and this situation was embarrassed.

The British side faced its previous obligations, despite the British Foreign Office's desire to hand over Italian war criminals to the Yugoslav government, which demands their trial, the British War Ministry was obstructing these measures for fear of undermining the Italians 'confidence in the British forces, especially as it was the one who was rehabilitating the Italian army.

Because of the outbreak of the Cold War, Britain tended not to abide by its previous pledges regarding the extradition of war criminals in order not to score victories for the Italian Communist Party and weaken the Italian government at a time when communism began to expand on the European continent, and with the emergence of tensions between the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia, the demanding state left the issue permanently In 1948, its relations with the Western camp improved.