التطورات العمرانية و المعمارية في القرن التاسع عشر في ميناء سواكن العثماني

الملخص EN

The urban structure of the Ottoman Port Suakin is a particular expression of a long established Red Sea regional building tradition.

The coming of Islam greatly increased the urban importance of Suakin as the entry point for the African pilgrimage to the two holy cities, Mecca and Medina in Saudi Arabia.

Be it the Ottoman imperial sphere, Egypt, or international influences.

The shape of the Port city has been influenced mainly between 1865 and 1905, where many extensions and architectural changes can be clearly recorded in the new buildings owned by the new settlers.

This why the article considers the urban and architectural developments of the Port city with its urban complex narrow, congested streets situation, the changing of style and typology in the architecture and its significance within a political and social transition process.

This considerable change can be observed in the new buildings which relate to the “Post Ottoman” Period after 1865, when Suakin went under Ottoman- Egyptian control.

The current result is a development of a historical typology for the historical buildings depending on political and economic changes.

Also the new dendrochronology investigations in the Port city in technical cooperation with German Archaeological institute (Berlin) support the reliability of the established buildings catalogue for Port city in order to understand the development changes in it during different colonial eras.

The architecture of the Post-Ottoman houses in Port Suakin connects influences from the individual buildings culture of each of the householder’s groups residing in the city after 1865, and it retains essentially an Ottoman spatial program.