النظام البيئي لحوض البحر الأحمر : الخصائص و المهددات

الملخص EN

This study aimed to explain the characteristics and threats to the red sea ecosystem and to propose some planning directives for its sustainability.

the study based on the research and studies carried out there during the last decades.

it followed descriptive, analytical, deductive, and inductive approaches to achieve its objectives.

the results showed distinctive ecosystems in the red sea basin such as deep water, coral reef, rocky islands, shallow coasts which were formed by geological and climatic factors.

there was big biodiversity of local microbiological communities, beside 1078 type of fishes belonging to 154 family and 25 class, and some types of sea birds were associated only with the red sea, beside 346 type of coral reef, and mangrove dominates particularly avicennia marina type which differs in its growth rates between north and south red sea.

interrelations between the components of the red sea ecosystem took many forms, such as that mangrove worked to soil sedimentation which protected coasts from erosion and enhanced biodiversity and primary productivity.

major threats to the red sea ecosystem represented in its high environmental vulnerability as confirmed by forty five studies out of seventy six carried out there.

birds are subjected to predators’ dangers, egg collection and pollution, while fishes to over grazing and marine pollution.

deep mining added some heavy minerals, beside threats of organic matters discharge, political conflicts, and climate change.

the proposed planning directives for sustainability of the red sea ecosystem included scientific research, information and education, and environmental planning.