مستجدات علمية حول السببية الاتيولوجية لاضطرابات طيف التوحد : فرضيات جينية، نوروبيولوجية و بيئية

الملخص EN

The article aims to present the most important scientific developments that sought to explain the incidence of autism spectrum disorders by presenting a group of recent studies that put forward some causal hypotheses regarding the incidence of it.

we will try, based on the descriptive inductive approach, to highlight the findings of these studies on the role of genes, head enlargement and the neurological aspect, the contribution of environmental factors and pregnancy complications in developing autism spectrum disorders.

in addition to extrapolating some assumptions about what makes males more likely to be autistic compared to females.

the results of recent research have reached the discovery of 800 genes responsible for autism, and molecular analyzes have determined that the average genetic causes of autism is estimated at more than 80%, while the rest of the factors are estimated at about 20%.

the neurophysiological examination also revealed imbalances in the biochemical nature of the brain, neural circuits, and connections between synapses in autistic people.

through research into genomes and genetic variants, many explanations have been provided about the protective effect in females.

also, recent research in the field has proven that autism is a developmental neurological disorder and not a psychological disorder as was previously thought.