دور الأقليات النافذة و المستضعفة و أثرهما في تحريك دواليب الصراع الإقليمي و العالمي : من منظور قرآني و سوسيولوجي و سياسي

الملخص EN

The first thing that was revealed in the Qur'an is Surat al-Alaq, which began with the word “read”, which is considered the only key to deciphering the secrets of the universe and explaining the dynamics of human history, and it summarizes the story of man’s succession on earth, and the resulting corruption and bloodshed.

the Qur'an also exposed the dialectic of minorities and majorities within the human struggle.

for their part, sociologists and anthropologists agree that the most important and most dangerous types of minorities are the “influential minorities,” which are of two types, a “reform minority” represented by the messengers and their followers, and a “corrupt minority,” which is termed in the Qur'an as “the arrogant public” and in recent studies “the state” deep".

the conflict between these two minorities is eternal, while between the two minorities there is a third category, which is the “vulnerable minority” employed in the conflict, a society characterized by the culture of the herd that is submissive to one of these reformist or corrupting minorities.

this historical controversy is at the core of the problematic of this article, where we asked : what is meant by minorities in general ? what are the “vulnerable minorities” and the “powerful minorities” ? and how did the Qur'an diagnose and treat the problem of minority conflict within societies, and in the global community ? what is the role of these two minorities in feeding the dynamics of regional and global conflict, in the past and present ? we have assumed that "the socio-political history of societies and countries, ancient and modern, can be summed up in the successive process of clashing powerful and vulnerable minorities." and we begged to verify the validity of the hypothesis, using inductive, descriptive and comparative methods.