النمذجة الهيدرولوجية لتقدير الأمطار الفعالة و التبخر : النتح لحوض نهر الزرقاء-الأردن

الملخص EN

This study aims to estimate effective rainfall and evapotranspiration by hydrological modeling by CROPWAT model in Al-zarqa basin to evaluate the requirements of water harvesting planning and water resources management in arid and semi-arid areas in the world.

Here, the research examines the daily climate records from seven ground stations located in Al-zarqa, Amman airport, AL Mafraq, Aldhlil, Ras Muneef, Alsalt and Dir Alla were used.

The measurements of maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and number of sunny days were used to estimate evapotranspiration.

Whereas, daily Rainfall records were used to measure the amount of actual rainfall in the study area using four methods.

This included USDA(SCS), Dependable Rain, (FAO/ AGLW) Formula, and Fixed Percentage within Crop Wat model.

All required and output maps that showed spatial distribution of were generated effective rainfall and evapotranspiration were generated within GIS environment.

The findings of the research showed that Ras Muneef station showed the lowest evapotranspiration at 0.9 mm/ day, that is approximately equals to 91% of annual evapotranspiration.

Dir Alla showed the highest evapotranspiration at 5.6 mm/day.

The maximum annual evapotranspiration ratio was found in Alzarqa at approximately 450.7%.

the maximum effective rainfall amount was found in Alsalt station with approximately 472.6 mm using USDA(SCS) method, while the lowest effective rainfall amount was found in Alzarqa station at 117.4 mm.