مقترح لتطبيق مرصد تلوث الانبعاثات التروبوسفيرية (TEMPO)‎ التابع لوكالة ناسا : حمولة مستضافة لرصد الغلاف الجوي من مدار ثابت بالنسبة إلى الأرض (GEO)‎

الملخص EN

NASA selected TEMPO as the first Earth Venture Instrument in 2012 for launch in October 2022.

TEMPO will use UV-Vis spectroscopy to measure atmospheric pollution for greater North America from space.

TEMPO’s Field of Regard (FOR) will be from Mexico City and Cuba to the Canadian tar sands and the Atlantic to the Pacific.

Measurements will be hourly and at high spatial resolution (2 km N/S × 4.5 km E/W at 36.5°N, 100°W).

TEMPO provides tropospheric measurements that include the principal elements of tropospheric air pollution.

Low-Earth orbit (LEO) instruments can only measure each point on Earth once per day and lack time resolution.

TEMPO will make measurements from a geostationary orbit (GEO), allowing it to measure each point in the field of view for about 16 hours per day.

TEMPO provides a tropospheric measurement suite that includes the key elements of tropospheric air pollution and those contributing to the carbon cycle.

Measurements are made hourly from GEO to capture the high variability present in the diurnal cycle of unobservable emissions from current LEO satellites that measure once per day.

Due to the smaller spatial footprints, GEO measurements will be able to resolve pollution sources.

Three geostationary instruments are being developed.

NASA’s TEMPO will be measuring North America.

Two other instruments, Sentinel-4 (Under construction) and the South Korean GEMS (launched on February 18, 2020).

They will measure atmospheric pollution for Europe and Southeast Asia.

In this article, we explain NASA’s TEMPO instrument.

We suggest a comparable instrument in GEO to provide hourly atmospheric pollution measurements for the Middle East at very high spatial resolution.

The proposed Middle-East TEMPO instrument will cover the Arab world and parts of Asia and Europe.

The measurement will include the spectra required to retrieve O3, NO2, SO2, H2CO, C2H2O2, H2O, aerosols, cloud parameters, and UVB radiation.

This paper differs from our previous work; it has an updated Field of Regard (FOR), new tables, and data from the latest ESA’s instrument, TROPOMI