دور الاستشعار عن بعد في مراقبة أطوار نمو القمح لدعم إدارة العملية الإنتاجية في سوريا

الملخص EN

Strategic crops, especially wheat, represent the core of food security.

As the agricultural sector, with its direct impact on feeding the world’s population, deals with natural conditions, it should be managed with an integrated vision of the natural and human factors influencing the crops production process from the field level (micro level) up to the country level (macro level).

Aim: This study aimed to monitor the relationship of the phenological phases of wheat with the maturity and harvest timing throughout Syria.

Method: Remote sensing techniques were used to show the relationship of time-place-spectrum (TIPLAS) in order to obtain accuracy of yield estimation in each zone and to manage the yielding process of wheat (2014 and 2016 seasons) across Syria.

Results: The study recorded six different phenological phases occurred simultaneously (at the beginning of April) regardless of the geographic location of the fields across the country.

The date of the milky-waxy maturity spectrally for each geographical zone was determined.

Early maturity spectrally of wheat was associated with rain-fed areas, especially with the second and third rain stability zones, with dispersed areas and not concentrated in a specific range.

Temporal maturity begins as a converging period within the country, starting from the south towards the north and from the center of the country towards the borders, especially the northern and western, and from the plain areas towards the mountains.

Maturation paths spectrally were plotted to follow the harvesting process.

The estimations of wheat cultivated areas and production were based on satellite-image data according to the maturity paths.

Recommendations: Preparing storage places with sufficient capacity for the expected production volume according to the maturation paths; increase the direct silos volume near the production fields to reduce losses and increase speed of storage; increase the strategic sustainable storage capacity; developing the railway logistics between storage facilities and consumption areas; and the periodic application of this technology during the growing seasons to raise the management efficiency of the crop production process