إشكالية البناء الديمقراطي في العراق بين التثيل و التفاعل

الملخص EN

The political institutions in Iraq after 2003 suffered from a structural defect related to the nature of Iraqi society, which was not accustomed to democracy as a method of governance, so work was not done to develop this society and transform it from a traditional society to a developed one, as tribal customs and traditions remained controlling the state administration, and power was centralized However, the parties, which worked to tighten control over the state and society, as they were based on quotas and identity tendencies, In governance, which led to the state’s slackness, the ineffectiveness of its institutions and political elites, the spread of political corruption, and weak oversight, as well as the society’s subjugation behind a sub-identity, which in turn cast negative consequences on the political representation of citizens, as it was controlled by a number of factors that were not related to democracy It does not come close to citizenship, and the democratic process has been reduced to elections that did not achieve public policies for the preferences of the electorate, and parliamentarians, ministers and public administration moved away from achieving the goals of society, and thus the political system lost effectiveness between the voters and those who represent them, and the crisis of building democracy in Iraq aggravated