مفهوم الواحد : قراءة في آراء الفارابي و ابن رشد

الملخص EN

This intellectual paper focuses on the concept of unity and oneness in the history of mediaeval Greek and Arab philosophy.

The paper featureshow the concept establishes dissimilar and contending doctrines and trends due to its epistemological and ontological role in Divine knowledge, metaphysics and logic.

The One was not only founding knowledge and perceptions as much as he was conducting the ontological act of making the beings and things, for it became the constituent of the essence of actions.

However, the subject of oneness was a subject of opposition by Sophists and some Kalam (referring to speech, word, or discourse) schools in classical Arab thought which contributed to the emergence of a history as antithesis to the history of existence, subjectivity and necessity; I mean here the history of symptoms, permissibility, and incessant anxious doubt.

Thus the name of the One turned into huge doctrinal inclinations, each of which starts from a certain meaning and significance, which has resulted in a great contradiction in the theory of knowledge with Parmenides Plato, Plotinus, Aristotle, Al-Kindi, Al-Farabi, IbnSina, IbnRushd and other philosophers and commentators who encountered two worlds: the world of existence and the world of the One.