الأصولية : النشأة و المحددات و السمات

الملخص EN

The fundamentalist movement began in the United States of America out of the womb of the Protestant doctrine to defend Christian beliefs such as the divinity of Christ, the virgin birth, the divinity of the Bible, the belief that Christ died to save us and rose from the dead, and that he performed miracles during his time.

This came as a response to the expanding modern theories criticizing the Holy Book and analyzing its events as legends written by men in different periods.

Conservatives saw the ideas of modernism as a direct threat to Christianity because they reject the authority of the church, cast doubts over Christ’s divinity and the Holy Trinity, and prioritize the social gospel over evangelism.

They fought back with measures that included trying those who believed in such concepts and managed to excommunicate some Church leaders.

The Presbyterian Church also issued a five-point paper encompassing the main tenets of Christianity and called on the cabinet to second it.

In 1905, The Fundamental Testimony of Truth, a series of twelve books that include conservative Christian essays, was published and distributed.

A few years later, Baptist Pastor Curtis Lee Laws (1868/1946), having successfully popularized the word “fundamentalist”, pledged that believers would vehemently defend the core tenets of Christianity during the Baptist Convention in Buffalo, New York in 1920.

A fundamentalist group or fundamentalist person is defined by certain characteristics such as hardline mentality, proclivity for violence, and rejection of the other.