سياسة إسرائيل في البحر الأحمر و تأثيرها في اليمن (1967-1977)‎ : دراسة تاريخية

الملخص EN

The strategic importance of the Red Sea is in its central geographical position, as a link between the Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea on the southern side, and the Mediterranean Sea on the northern side through the Suez Canal, which has considered since its establishment a strategic dimension, because it linked the riparian countries with the Mediterranean, Europe and the West by the shortest roads and facilitated the movement of trade and transportation.

As well as the Red Sea has strategic importance for Arab national security, It is considered as a link channel between open seas and oceans, so, from this point its strategic importance increases, whether from a military, economic or security sides.

It is the main road which Arab Gulf oil and Iran passes through to global markets in Europe, also Europe needs to transfer 60% of its energy needs through the Red Sea, besides transported about 25% of the oil needs to the United States of America through the Red Sea.

Under the light of these geographical elements, which are contributes to give Al- Yemen an important strategic location, It dominates on the southern entrance to the Red Sea through Bab al-Mandab, which is connected to the Gulf of Aden, and it views on three water flats of the Red Sea from the west, the Gulf of Aden and the Arabian Sea from the south and the Indian Ocean through the port of Aden, so according that importance position, Israel turned its attention to Yemen to implement its political plans in the Red Sea as well as Arab in implement their strategic goals, so its efforts were focused on Yemen, after realizing the value of Bab al-Mandab and its effect on its plans as one of the main entrances to the Red Sea, by establishing a special strategic depth in the region, Especially after it was closed in the October 1973 war by the states of North and South Yemen which caused a great damage to Israel, due to its dependence on oil imported from Iran passing through the Bab al-Mandab Strait, In anticipation of any Arab threat in the region.