عناصر التأثير البابلي في الفكر اليهودي القديم

الملخص EN

The Mesopotamian civilization is considered the oldest human civilization whatsoever, and as a result the most important components of civilization are discovered.

So it was a pioneer in the discovery of writing and methods of agriculture, and in it, the first legal law was written, and the wheel was discovered.

Among the features of the successive civilizations of Mesopotamia is that they were positively influencing the thought of other nations and civilizations through intellectual cross-fertilization with them.

Actually, this influence has included the Jews, whose presence in Babylon fifty years - during the period of captivity - constituted an opportunity to take from the essence of Babylonian culture.

This culture is no doubt distinctive, advanced culturally over the rest of the civilizations of its time.

At that time, the Jews, before their exile to Babylon were backward civilized.

Their life lacks the strong social ties.

The Babylonians treated the Jews kindly and enrich their thought with the elements of the Babylon civilization.

So they took sciences, arts and chronicling to return after fifty years to Jerusalem, with a personality enriched with all civilizational and cultural elements.

And whoever remained of the Jews continued to increase the culture of the Babylonians.

In fact, one of their most prominent gains was the collection and classification of the Torah at the hands of Ezra the priest and those of their rabbis who helped him.

Later, they possessed religious and scientific schools that illuminate the mind of the Jews.

In Babylon, one of the most important groups of Jewish reciters emerged, and therefore Babylon and its civilization had the great influence in enriching the old Jewish thought