فاعلية برنامج مقترح قائم على عادات العقل لتنمية مهارات التفكير الابتكاري عند طلاب الصف الخامس الأدبي في مادة التاريخ

الملخص EN

The era in which we live is the era that is characterized by the abundance of scientific discoveries and their technological applications, which affects the life of the individual and society, positively and negatively.

Therefore, nations are seeking to keep pace with these discoveries through the use of educational strategies and programs that have raised the level of education to advanced stages, and thus the country's civilization and culture have become measured by the extent of its progress in the field of science and technology.1.

There are no statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) between the mean scores of the experimental group students and the average scores of the control group students in the post-innovation test.2.

There are no statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students in the two tests (pre and post) of innovative thinking skills.

The experimental design with partial control was used for the two equal groups, one experimental and the other a control in testing innovative thinking skills, the researcher chose Al-Rafi'i Secondary School for Boys in Salah al-Din Governorate, which is one of the governmental and day schools within the Salah al-Din Education Directorate for the academic year 2018/2019 intentionally which contained more than A class comprising (56) students, two divisions were chosen randomly (random drawing) to represent Division (B) the experimental group and Division (A) the control group.

The sample size reached (56) students, such as (28) students, including the experimental group and (28) Students of whom the control group studied according to the traditional method.

The two groups were rewarded with some variables that the researcher believes affect the course of the experiment.

The researcher prepared the research tool Test of Innovative Thinking Skills and consisted in its final form of (40) paragraphs, its apparent validity was verified by presenting it to a group of specialized arbitrators and the validity of its content and reliability using the Keoder-Richardson equation -20 as it reached (81% ).

The results showed that the students of the experimental group who studied according to the proposed program based on habits of mind over the control group students who studied according to the usual method of testing innovative thinking skills.

In light of the research results, the researcher recommended some recommendations, including: - The need for history teachers to introduce training courses to introduce them to modern teaching programs, including the training program based on the habits of mind.

- Training students of the Faculties of Education and Basic Education to use training programs in teaching.

- Encouraging the independence of students and their self-reliance in completing the tasks assigned to them with an interest in discussing what they have reached and what they have achieved under the supervision of the teacher.

To complete his research, the researcher suggested the following: -- Conducting a comparative study between the effect of a proposed program based on habits of the mind and other educational methods on the achievement of history material for other study stages.

- Conducting a study on the impact of a proposed program based on the habits of the mind with other dependent variables such as probe and scientific thinking and the orientation towards the material.