حكم الملك الأفضل بن صلاح الدين و شخصيته 589-622ه 1192-1225م : بين النقد و الإنصاف

الملخص EN

The king Al- afdal b.

Saladin who succeeded his father Saladin as a Sultan for the Ayyubid state suffered from bitter criticism at the hands of his contemporary historians.

His constant failures and losing his territories either at the hands of his brother Al- malik al Aziz and his uncle Al-Malik Al Adil made historians to criticize him, and accused him to fall under the influence of his vizer Dhiyaa Al-din Ibn Al- Athir.

The present research manage to give a balance between the criticism and fair evaluation of Al-afdal, and show that Imad al-Din Al -Asfahani had much influenced the later historians and there are counter evaluation by the Mosuli historian Izz al-din ibn al-athir