دراسة اقتصادية لإنتاج و تسويق الكراوية في مصر

الملخص EN

Despite the growing interest in the cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants, including the caraway crop, due to its economic importance for its use in many areas, caraway cultivation has not received sufficient attention despite the appropriate environmental conditions for its cultivation in many governorates in the Lower and Upper Egypt, but it is noted that the area fluctuates and decreases in areas It is cultivated year after year, and the production and exports of caraway are not commensurate with Egypt’s production and export capabilities, despite it possessing the ingredients for expansion in the field of medicinal and aromatic plants.

Which requires with it to stand on the current situation of caraway production in Egypt, in addition to identifying the production and marketing problems that impede the expansion of Egypt's export capacity.

The results showed the following: 1-The market penetration index for countries importing from Egypt reached 12.15, 13.03, 2.98, 4.92, 2.26, 1.21, 26.9, 2.03, which indicates the difficulty of Egyptian exports to those markets due to the emergence of fierce competition from other countries, and the price competitiveness index for importing countries from Egypt is about 106.12, 115.86, 104.25, 121.25 for Algeria, Indonesia, Morocco and Germany, which means weak price competitiveness in these markets, as the export price of Egypt increases from that of the most important competing countries in those markets, and the price competitiveness index for Libya and Bangladesh reached , Tunisia, UAE about 92.26, 85.44, 52.44, 75.03 for each of them, respectively, which confirms that the price competitiveness index is in favor of Egyptian exports, although we find that price competitiveness is not the main condition for market penetration.

2-By estimating the economic indicators for producing an acre of caraway in the research sample, it was found that the net yield per acre amounted to about 9645 pounds, while the break-even price was about 9784 pounds, and the productivity at the break-even point was about 0.70 Tons, and at this amount the costs of producing an acre of caraway are covered, while Revenues for costs amounted to about 1.79%, and the return on the invested pound amounted to about EGP 0.79.

3-By surveying the opinions of caraway farmers in the research sample, it was found that the problem of each of the farm prices is low and does not cover production costs, the unfairness in estimating the crop by traders and intermediaries came at the forefront of the production and marketing problems, as these problems were repeated about 55 times, at a rate of about 91.7% for each of them Respectively, while the problem of the lack of fertilizer allocations decided by the Agricultural Society and its completion from the free market, the weak role of agricultural extension came in second place in terms of problems, as the problem was repeated about 50 times, at a rate of about 86.7% for each of them, respectively