المهدية وأحداثها الداخلية والخارجية في عهد عبد الله المهدي الفاطمي 303-322ه 915-933م

الملخص EN

Mahdia is the first Islamic city established by the Fatimids in Morocco, after they overthrew the rule of the Aghlabids in Ifriqiya in the year 296 AH / 908 AD, and the sermon was cut off from the Abbasid Caliph Al Muqtadir Billah (295-320 AH / 932 AD) and it was established for the first Fatimid caliph, Abdullah al-Mahdi, and he was taken from the Ismailis an official Shiite sect to succeed him.

the reason for building the city of Mahdia is the attempt to overthrow Abdullah Al-Mahdi by his most prominent supporters, which is Abu Abdullah Al-Shi’i and his brother Abi Al-Abbas Ahmed with the help of the Kutama sheikhs, as well as other justifications, such as providing security and protection from the opposing Sunni cities, and military reasons aimed at standing in the face of the Byzantine threats emanating from their bases in Sicily and southern Italy.

Mahdia enjoyed a high and tight wall, on which two knights could walk, and iron doors for the purpose of providing protection for the Fatimid Caliph and his state the city included markets and baths, and at the end of its construction, al-Mahdi said: ((Today I have believed in the Fatimids)), meaning his daughters.

this city is attributed to the Susi Mahdist clothes, and the Fatimids were interested in building water cisterns in it, for the purpose of collecting rainwater and storing it for drinking and for other life requirements.

many jurists and men of knowledge emerged in Mahdia, the most prominent of whom was Judge al-Nu’man bin Hayoon al-Maghribi (d.

363 AH / 973 AD).

the city witnessed internal events and projects, such as the interest in building its shops and organizing its employers, after which al-Mahdi built an alternate city for it and named it (Zuweila).

an industrial house was built in Mahdia, with a capacity of nine hundred Shenes, and it has a closed door and stores for food.

Abdullah al-Mahdi made a package of changes in the field of the philosophy of the Ismaili state, canceling some of the decrees that were prevalent for the Sunni sect, to dominate the state the Ismaili sect.

during the reign of the Mahdi, the Mahdist enjoyed external relations with the Lower Maghreb (Libya and Tunisia), the Middle and Far Maghreb (Algeria and Morocco) and Sicily, and hostile relations with the Umayyads of Andalusia.

al-Mahdi's efforts focused on three invasions for the purpose of controlling Egypt, but he was unsuccessful in his endeavor.