من الحتمية إلى اللاحتمية: دراسة ابستيمولوجية في المفاهيم والنتائج

الملخص EN

The mechanical view of the universe led to the belief in the existence of necessary conditions that necessitate the occurrence of phenomena when they are available.

This is the principle of determinism, so the scientific perception of the universe became synonymous with the conception of total determinism.

This resulted in the belief in the regularity of nature because its events are constant and predictable whenever we know its conditions.

This concept has withdrawn from human actions and considered them part of nature subject in turn to the universal determinism.

However, this principle collapsed in the twentieth century influenced by the development of physics and the penetration of the world of corn.

Research in this field has revealed that the sub-atomic world is not generally subject to strict determinism but to freedom and possibility, the result change from of perception determinism to indeterminism, and the belief to the freedom of the will instead of olute determinism