الدولة الأيوبية من النشأة حتى نهاية عهدها ( 648-567 ه 1171-1250 م)‎

الملخص EN

The Ayyubid state rouse in an era filled with internal conflicts between various forces that ruledthe Arab society and were at war with each other.

As a result, it lost its unity due to the weaknessand disperses on the one hand and the Crusades on the other hand.

The Ayyubid state had an activejihadi role in the formation of a unified state with sprawling sides, and fighting the Crusaderpresence in the Arab lands with sultans' continuous response to the Crusades and thwarting theirplans throughout the period of its rule, starting with Sultan Salah Al-Din, the founder of the state, and ending with Sultan Tora, Nashah bin Al-Salih Najm Al-Din Ayyub.