النقل والتجارة في كتابات الجغرافيين العرب والمسلمين منذ بداية القرن الثالث الهجري الى نهاية القرن السابع الهجري: دراسة في الفكر الجغرافي العربي الإسلامي

الملخص EN

Trade has greatly contributed to the spread of Arab and Islamic culture and the emergence of Aras an economic power in the countries, and this is due to the flourishing trade movement, starting with the means used by ancient animals that are strong in terms of structure, and attention to river transportation, and then maritime transport, which is a mainstay based on it The Islamic economy in the growth of economic activity and is directly affected by the passage of time led to the technological developments that appeared in modern transportation in terms of time and distance, knowledge of roads, distances, stages, leagues, month, arm, sustainable transportation, measures of weights and measures and their comparison at the present time, export and import controls, and the commercial exchange of goods And goods between countries, Arand Muslims used the most important ports and trade routes.