التحديات المجتمعية للعلمانية : تركيا و العرب أنموذجا

الملخص EN

Educated people and researchers were highly concerned in the subject of security which can be understood only through the ideas, thoughts and concepts implied in the way secularity was treated early from the beginning of the twentieth century specially by the countries and societies that looked for progress and development through moving from the inhered traditions and values to the new ones based on civil laws that modernize these concepts.

In their points of view, secularism means adopting civil life in society through realizing mentality powers and applying civil life and committed to human rights.

It calls for liberating man from all the chains, as they thought, and therefore we can say the it is a secular trend.

We should go back to the beginnings of the appearance of secularism.

In the sixteenth century, Europe witnessed the start of the enlighmten movement and domestic revolution calling for depending on knowledgement and tools of human and civil thinking and on scientific life and free mind and decision makers form the so eighty of religion mer and their olute powers.

Such calls appear in Ottoman state in the middle of the nineteenth century specially at time of )Al Mashrotai( accompanied by legal legislations named a organizations.

While secularity inspired Arabic liberation movements and national political parties in their ideologies early at the twentieth century.

After the demolishment at the Ottoman caliphate in 1924, the Turkish secularists exaggerated the secular trend and succeeded in getting supportery specially inside cities who were raised on national idea and value far from religion and got support from the governiry political institution.

Suburbs stayed living their normal life based on inherited principles and value, away from the new secular trends.

Therefore, we can say that the Turkish political institute succeeded in achieving secular life inside cities but couldn't get rite of religious standards and values inspected the exaggeration of the Turk secularists whose culture thoughts and writings were still bound to the effect of religion though they were close specially those were educated, to the Europeans and their ambitions to build civil society.

Arand Turks together witnessed the changing situation from Ottoman to secularity after living together for more then for centuries.

But in the twenty first century, we see, un spite of the problems, that future choices of Arand Turks will different because of the different situations specially the resisting problems.

Still, the religious awareness a away from extremes will be the common present for therm.